Subtractive proteomic analysis of antigenic extracellular proteins and design a multi?epitope vaccine against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>

Staphylococcus aureus is a versatile Gram's positive bacterium that can reside as an asymptomatic colonizer, which cause wide range of skin, soft-tissue, and nosocomial infections. A vaccine against multi-drug resistant S. aureus, therefore, urgently needed. Subtractive proteomics reverse vaccinology are newly emerging techniques to design multiepitope-based vaccines. The analysis 7290 proteomes (sensitive strains), five potent nonhuman homologous targets [(UNIPORT ID Q2FZL3 (Staphopain B), Q2G2R8 A), Q2FWP0 (uncharacterized leukocidin-like protein 1), Q2G1S6 protein), Q2FWV3 (Staphylokinase, putative)] were selected. These proteins absent in the gut microbiome, further enhances significance these design. virulence-associated mainly have role invasion mechanism host phagocyte cells. MHC I, II, B cell epitopes identified proteins. Finalized examined by different online servers screen suitable for multi-epitope based Shortlisted antigenic nonallergenic associated joined with linkers 30 variants (VSA1-VSA30) conjugates. antigenicity allergenicity all constructs identified, VSA30 was found highest lowest allergenicity, hence selected study. Accordingly, docked HLA allelic variants, best-docked complex (VSA30-1SYS) analyzed molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). MDS result confirms interaction (HLA-allelic variant). Thus, final construct silico cloned pET28a vector expression heterologous system. Therefore, designed VSA-30 be developed appropriate target infection. still needs experimental validation assure immunogenic properties.